It won't make things worse... Beside destroying data on disk, it reallocates suspicious sectors. I revived literally tens of hard disks reported as bad and they still work, after years from repairing. Some of them are in NAS systems, under a heavy use, and still work without error.
Anyway, it might be another problem... a problematic USB cable is another thing which appear very often; same as a problematic power source.
Yes, it's dangerous to use low-level format, especially on recent HDDs. Read this. A normal format should do the trick (zero-fill only) for the formatting process. If repairs are needed, Windows' chkdsk (with command "chkdsk c: /f /r") does the trick.
Even more reading: http://www.pcguide.c...tilities-c.html
But I believe that you are mixing up between zero-filling (standard long format) and hard drive and the actual "low-level" format.